X5CrNi18-10 is the European designation (EN 10088)

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X5CrNi18-10 is the European designation (EN 10088) for what is more commonly known globally as Grade 304 Stainless Steel. It is the "workhorse" of the stainless world, known for its excellent balance of corrosion resistance, formability, and weldability.

Here is a breakdown of what you need to know about these round bars:

1. Chemical Composition

The name itself tells you the recipe. In the EN numbering system:

X: High-alloy steel
5: 0.05% Carbon content (approximate)
Cr18: 18% Chromium (for corrosion resistance)
Ni10: 10% Nickel (for austenite structure and toughness)

ElementPercentage (%)Chromium (Cr)17.5 – 19.5Nickel (Ni)8.0 – 10.5Carbon (C)≤ 0.07Manganese (Mn)≤ 2.0

2. Key Properties

Corrosion Resistance: Excellent in atmospheric environments and many organic/inorganic chemicals. However, it is susceptible to pitting in warm chloride environments (like seawater).
Fabrication: Highly ductile. It can be severely deep-drawn without intermediate annealing.
Weldability: Outstanding. It can be welded by all standard fusion techniques.
Magnetism: Non-magnetic in the annealed condition (though it can become slightly magnetic when cold-worked).

3. Common Applications

Because of its hygienic properties and durability, X5CrNi18-10 round bars are typically used for:

Food & Beverage: Processing equipment, kitchenware, and appliances.
Architecture: Railings, trim, and structural supports.
Medical: Surgical tools and pharmaceutical equipment.
Automotive: Trim, headers, and exhaust components.

4. Technical Specifications for Buyers

When sourcing these bars, you will usually need to specify the surface finish and tolerance:

Finishes: Black (hot rolled), Bright (cold drawn), or Centerless Ground (high precision).
Tolerances: Common standards include h8, h9, or h11 for precision fits.
Equivalent Grades: * AISI/ASTM: 304
- UNS: S30400
- AFNOR: Z7CN18-09
- JIS: SUS304

Note: If you plan on heavy welding, you might want to look for the "L" version (X2CrNi18-9 / 304L), which has lower carbon to prevent sensitization and "weld decay."